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Before to study about “pumps type” or “type of pumps” , we need to know “what is pump”
Pump is nothing but a device which transfer the fluid/liquid from one place to another place or from one height to anotherheight .
Definition of pump :-
Pump is mechanical device which gives energy to flowing fluids , which is necessary to transfer fluid from one place to another place(different types of pumps).
Today we will study, what are the different types of pump as per industrial standard .
Mainly pump can be classifiedas Dynamic pumps and positive Displacement pumps . this is main classification of pumps . pump also can be classifieson the basic ,application , like what is pressure required ,what is temperature and too much things .
Selection of pump
There are lot of types available , we need to select pump as per our requirement. In this case some following points are need to consider in pump selection .
1) Pressure – if you’re process requirement is high pressure then , you can select positive displacement pump(different types of pumps) . If pressure requirement is low then you can select centrifugal pump.
2) Flow Requirement – If you’re flow requirement is high then you can select centrifugal pump . (For pressure use positive displacement pump or for flow use centrifugal pump )
3) Solid content – If you’re liquid contain some solid particles then you have to choose positive displacement pump . In centrifugal pump transfer solid is not possible , it creates problems in vanes
4) Viscosity – Viscosity is one of the most important factor in selection of pump . If liquid viscosity is low then you can select centrifugal pump .If viscosity is moderate or high then you have to select positive displacement pump.
Use Centrifugal pump when , viscosity bellow – 15 CP.
Use positive displacement pump , when viscosity is above 15 CP.
5) Controlled Flow Rate :- If you want to control the flow of your pump then you have to choose centrifugal pump .In positive displacement pump Flow controling is not possible .
This type pump is not common in industry. In special case we can use this type of pump.
Centrifugal Pumps
This is commonly used pumps in Industry as well as well as home,in chemical/fertilizer/Petro-Chemical/pharma/. In chemical industry Centrifugal pump can use for Cooling water,Chilling water,Transfer the solvent,Charge the Solvent,feed the material ,hot water circulation etc.
This pump take the liquid at her suction point and discharged it at height velocity .
Normal range of velocity is ,
⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥At Suction -0.5 m/s to 1.2 m/s ,
⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥⇥At Discharge- 1 m/s to 2.5 m/s.
Centrifugal pump
working principle of pump
working of centrifugal pump is “centrifugal pump use electric power of motor to deliver the liquid. electrical power of motor is converted in to mechanical power by impeller and blade of pump this mechanical power acts as centrifugal force and deliver the liquid at high velocity .
at suction velocity is low, so suction size must be greater than discharge size.
Positive displacement pump deliver same (fixed or Constant) volume, in positive displacement pump has expanding and decreasing cavity , expanding cavity in suction and decreasing cavity in discharge .positive displacement pump is nothing but constant flow pumps. in such kind of pumps outlet need always open ,SRV is required in discharge site ,to relief excess pressure .
In centrifugal pumps if discharge is open then pressure not increases, it go to its high level as per its head. But in positive displacement pump if discharge is closed then pressure will increases continuously.
Positive displacement pump can be classify in to following type
1)Piston pumps
2)Gear pumps
3)Lobe pumps
4)Diaphragm pumps (AODD)
5)Screw pumps
Piston Pumps
In this type of pumps , piston is used to transfer the liquid. Pump flow can be control on the movement of piston. It can be count as movement per minutes.
Piston Pump
AOD Pumps
In this type of pumps air is use to transfer the liquid from one place to another place.
To transfer solvent this is best pump.
AOD Pump
Gear Pumps
In this type of pump , gear is used to transfer the fluid or liquid from one place to another place. Johnson pumps are good in gear pump categories . This type of pump is useful for fluid having high viscosity . For this types of pumps , viscosity required is at least 25 CP . If you’re viscosity is bellow 25 then this type of pump is not suitable for your process .
There are two types of gear pumps ,
1) External gear pump
2) Internal gear pump
To purchase a gear pump please click here – Gear pumps
External gear pumps
This type of consists , two gear in casing . This two gears are linked with each other. This Pumps are used as self priming pumps due to its high suction lift capacity.
Intern Gear Pumps As like external gear pump this , internal gear pumps also have two gears inside the casing . But in this case one gear is inside the second gear .
Disadvantages of Internal gear pumps A) This types of Pumps are not suitable for liquid having solid content.
B) There are 4 bushing in liquid area
C) This types of pumps have fixed end clearance .
Components of Pumps
The main components of centrifugal pumps are as follows ,
Shaft
Impeller
Casing
Eye of pump
Suction flange
Diffuser
Discharge flange or discharge nozzle
Conclusion
From above article it is clear that , What is Pump, Different Types of Pumps like Dynamic as well as Positive Displacement, Working Applications and components, selection of pump .
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