7.9 piston pump – Types, Construction in details with animation

Introduction: A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses reciprocating pistons to move the fluid through the pump. This type of pump is commonly used in various industries such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and water treatment. In this article, we will discuss the basics of piston pumps, their working principle, types, parts, applications, and answer some frequently asked questions about them.

What is a Piston Pump?

A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump that moves fluid by using reciprocating pistons. These pumps are designed to move small volumes of fluid at high pressure. They work by drawing in fluid through an inlet valve, and then using a piston to compress the fluid and push it through an outlet valve.

Types of Piston Pumps

There are several types of piston kind of pumps available in the market, including:

Axial Piston Pump

This type of piston pump has a cylinder block that contains several pistons arranged in a circular pattern.

Radial Piston Pump

In a radial piston pump, the pistons are arranged radially around a central shaft.

Bent Axis Piston Pump

In this type of pump, the pistons are mounted at an angle to the drive shaft.

n-Line Piston Pump

This pump has a linear arrangement of pistons along a single axis.

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Working Principle of Piston Pump: The working principle of a piston pump is based on the reciprocating motion of the piston. The piston moves back and forth inside a cylinder, creating a vacuum on the intake stroke, which draws in fluid through the inlet valve. On the discharge stroke, the piston compresses the fluid, pushing it out through the outlet valve.

Parts of Piston Pump

The main components of a piston pump include:

1. Cylinder: The cylinder contains the piston and is where the fluid is compressed and discharged.
2. Piston: The piston moves back and forth inside the cylinder, creating pressure to move the fluid.
3. Inlet Valve: The inlet valve is located on the suction side of the pump and allows fluid to be drawn into the cylinder.
4. Outlet Valve: The outlet valve is located on the discharge side of the pump and allows the fluid to be pushed out of the cylinder.
5. Drive Mechanism: The drive mechanism is what powers the piston to move back and forth.

Applications of Piston Pump

Piston types of pumps are commonly used in industries where high pressure and low flow rates are required. Some common applications of piston pumps include:

1. Oil and Gas Industry: Piston pumps are used in oil and gas production to move fluids through pipelines.
2. Chemical Processing: Piston pumps are used to move chemicals in chemical processing plants.
3. Water Treatment: Piston pumps are used in water treatment plants to move water through the treatment process.
4. Agriculture: Piston pumps are used in agriculture to spray pesticides and fertilizers.

10 Questions and Answers on Piston Pump:

1. What is a piston pump? A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump that moves fluid by using reciprocating pistons.
2. How does a piston pump work? A piston pump works by drawing in fluid through an inlet valve and then using a piston to compress the fluid and push it through an outlet valve.
3. What are the types of piston pumps? The types of piston pumps include axial, radial, bent axis, and in-line piston pumps.
4. What are the parts of a piston pump? The main parts of a piston pump include the cylinder, piston, inlet valve, outlet valve, and drive mechanism.
5. Where are piston pumps commonly used? Piston pumps are commonly used in industries where high pressure and low flow rates are required, such as in the oil and
6. What are the advantages of using a piston pump? The advantages of using a piston pump include high pressure capability, consistent flow rate, and the ability to handle viscous fluids.
7. What are the limitations of using a piston pump? The limitations of using a piston pump include higher cost compared to other types of pumps, and the need for regular maintenance due to the moving parts.
8. How do you maintain a piston pump? Maintenance of a piston pump includes regular cleaning and inspection of the pistons, valves, and cylinders. Lubrication of the moving parts and replacement of worn out parts is also necessary.
9. What is the difference between a piston pump and a diaphragm pump? A piston pump uses reciprocating pistons to move fluid, while a diaphragm pump uses a flexible diaphragm to compress and move the fluid.
10. What is the maximum pressure capability of a piston pump? The maximum pressure capability of a piston pump varies depending on the type and size of the pump, but can range from 1000 psi to over 10,000 psi.

conclusion

Piston pumps are widely used in various industries due to their ability to handle high pressure and low flow rates. They are available in different types and sizes, and their maintenance is essential for optimal performance. With proper maintenance and use, a piston pump can provide efficient and reliable fluid handling for many years.