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Vapor Pressure
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| Vapor pressure |
In this article we will study about vapor pressure ,definition of vapor pressure,vapor pressure and boiling point , boiling point , what is Antoine equation .
In a Closed System , “vapor pressure“ is nothing but pressure extruded by vapor of any chemical/solvent when it is in aerodynamically is in equilibrium with its surrounding pressure .
When we increase the temperature of a solvent , let considered water ,when we increase the temperature of water . molecule of water become week , bonding in between molecules of water will decreases and volume increase vapor also increase .
If we have a mixture of chemicals (let us consider phenol and water and other a compound having very low vapor pressure ) .If we want to do separation of phenol and water by distillation and other compound . In this case when we start the distillation , water will come first and then phenol distillation start. this happen because of vapor pressure , in distillation first fraction will come of low vapor pressure compound .
Destination of Vapor pressure — Vapor pressure is pressure exerted by its vapor on surrounding at a particular temperature .
Now another question is that whether vapor pressure is extensive property or intensive property, Vapor pressure is not depend upon quantity, It is an intensive property .
Intensive property –it is property of compound that dos not depends on quantity or size .
Another important about relationship of vapor pressure and boiling point is , when vapor of a liquid is equal to surrounding pressure , liquid is at boiling point when the vapor pressure cross the surrounding pressure then liquid start to boil .
When ,
Vapor pressure < surrounding pressure ⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾Liquid is at liquid state
Vapor pressure = surrounding pressure ⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾ aerodynamically is in equilibrium
Vapor Pressure > surrounding pressure ⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾⇾ liquid start to boil
If a compound have high vapor pressure then we called them as highly volatile .
If a compound have have low vapor pressure it called as low volatile compound .
Unit of vapor pressure is same as pressure unit . like Kg/Cm2, torr,bar etc
I think from above explanation you will understand what is vapor pressure. Vapor pressure is very important basic of a chemical engineer , every chemical engineer must know what is vapor pressure . it is most asking question for a chemical engineer in its interview .
Now we will study about Antoine equation .
Antoine equation is gives information about relationship in between vapor pressure and temperature .
Log P(Pressure) = A – B/(Temperature +C)
Where , A ,B , C are Antoine constant.
When we understand vapor pressure then we can calculate NPSH of Centrifugal pumps,we can design distillation system and much more benefits for a chemical engineer, to see types of pump , principle of centrifugal pumps
Vapor pressure is depend upon some following terms ,liquid
1) Temperate
2) Molecular bonding
3) Surrounding pressure
1) Temperature
When we inrease the temperature , vapor pressure increase , when we decrease the temperature vapor pressure decreases.vapor pressure and temperature directly prapotional .
2) Molecular bonding
When molecular bonding between atom is strong then vapor pressure is low , when bonding is weak vapor pressure is high.
3) Surrounding pressure
It surrounding pressure is high , vapor pressure is low , when we decrease surrounding temperature then vapor pressure is increases.
I hope you will clear about vapor pressure,what is vapor pressure ,definition of vapor pressure , vapour pressure of water,Antoine equation, relationship between vapor pressure and boiling point .
↡↡↡↡↡↡↡ Please check our following articles ↡↡↡↡↡
↪↪↪↪Centrifugal pumps
↪↪↪↪types of pump
↪↪↪↪material and energy balance
↪↪↪↪vapor pressure
↪↪↪↪↪pumps in parallel or series
↪↪↪↪↪Types of Pumps
About Author,
B Tech degree holder ,having 6 + year of experience in project .
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- vapour pressure of water,
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