Centrifugal Pumps |Types & Working principle

In this article we will study what Centrifugal pump , what is working principle of centrifugal pump, how centrifugal pump work ,components  of centrifugal pumps .types of impeller ,like close impeller , open impeller ,what is mechanical seal ,what is vane ,what is casing ,how centrifugal pump works .

Impeller   is used for lifting water from lower one to another height . As we now that centrifugal pump is  commonly used device in industries as well as for household purpose

In household use commonly submersible pump is use.we put the submersible pump in tank ,which suck the water and lift that in to our over head water tank .mono-block type of pump also used in house .

                        When we start the motor ,electrical energy go to motor , them motor will start to rotate the impeller using shaft . impeller rotates  inside the casing about some axis is connected to  and the power supply to the impeller by the help of electric motor and electric motor is then run the impeller to center ,when water enters inside the casing and impeller  rotating in the casing then impeller gives that water a centrifugal force by the help of vanes ,means water also start to rotate with impeller vanes ,in this way impeller vanes are force the water to rotate, so in this way water try to move in the inner peripheral surface and water is finally escape from discharge point .this is nothing but  “working principle of centrifugal pump“.

            In simple way “working principle of centrifugal pump” is , when we start the motor , motor will rotate the impeller having vanes using shaft , impeller is in the center of casing , then impeller rotate vanes along with him , when water is inter in the casing , that impeller vanes rotate  the water along with him,in this way centrifugal force generated and water is then exist from discharge point .

Electricity start the motor
             ⇩
Motor rotate impeller by shaft
             ⇓
Impeller rotate vanes
             ⇓
Vanes lift the water along with him
             ⇓
Water will exist from discharge

Water will come in the casing at low velocity and low pressure , vanes rotate that water and discharge at high pressure and high velocity . to know what is range of velocity of water in suction or discharge read my article “types of pumps “. this article explain only  working principle of centrifugal pump.

       Note- Water is enter in casing through suction pipe ,water enter in the eye point of pump or casing .

Components of centrifugal pumps 

What are the components of centrifugal pump ?

the components of centrifugal pumps are as follows .(centrifugal pump components and there application )

1) Motor—–use electrical energy and give rotation to impeller 
2) Impeller—-rotate the vanes
3) Mechanical seal or coupling—-use to connect shaft of motor and pump  
4) Vanes——-use to rotate the water 
5) Casing—–give space in pump for liquid
6) Shaft—–its deliver mechanical energy to impeller 


I think above explanation is sufficient to understand  components of centrifugal pumps.also to understand centrifugal pump components and there application


          Now our main subject of this article , i.e  “working principle of centrifugal pump”, how centrifugal pump works,”centrifugal pump components” “centrifugal pump components and there application “is completed ,so now we will study what is impeller,impeller  types , like close impeller ,open impeller ,types of mechanical .

              Main job impeller is , to give rotation energy to vanes ,using this rotation energy vane rotates the water along with him , and its create a centrifugal force. there so many types of impeller, like open impeller and close impeller.(centrifugal pumps-working principle-components  )

Open impeller   

In this types of impeller vanes are free on both side. 

 Close Impeller

excluding above , a centrifugal pump required , strainer in suction , and NRV in discharge ,
NRV is requires to resist the back flow or resist the back pressure on impeller of pump .

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↡↡↡↡↡↡↡ Please check our following articles  ↡↡↡↡↡

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